Psocodea Species FilePsocodea Species File

infraorder

Phthiraptera Haeckel, 1896

Nomenclature (68)

  • Phthiraptera Haeckel, 1896: 703. Phylogeny or classification
  • Phthiraptera Haeckel, 1896 in Snodgrass, 1899 Physiology; Structure
  • ... Show all ... (64)
  • Phthiraptera Haeckel, 1896 in de Moya, Yoshizawa, Walden, Sweet, Dietrich & Johnson, 2021: 735. Phylogeny or classification
  • Phthiraptera Haeckel, 1896 in Perez, 2024 List/Checklist

Nomenclature references (68)

  • Adam, C. (2007) Bibliographia Phthirapterologica (Insecta: Phthiraptera) Romaniae. 50, 135–144. Available at http://https://www.travaux.ro/web/pdf/23-135-144%20Phthiraptera.pdf
  • Adie, H. (1915) On the Sporogony of Haemoproteus columbae. ii, 679.
  • ... Show all ... (64)
  • Ansari, M.A.R. (1958) Liste alphabetique des hotes de Phthiraptera de la collection de l'Institut de Parasitologie de la Faculte de Medecine de Paris. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee, 33, 267–283.
  • Baccetti, B., Dallai, R. & Rosati, F. (1969) The spermatozoon of Arthropoda. IV. Corrodentia, Mallophaga and Thysanoptera. Journal de Microscopie, 8(2), 259–262. Available at http://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/41812.pdf
  • Barker, S.C., Whiting, M.F., Johnson, K.P. & Murrell, A. (2003) Phylogeny of the lice (Insecta, Phthiraptera) inferred from small subunit rRNA. Zoologica Scripta, 32(5), 407–414.
  • Bequaert, J.C. (1953) Phoresy of Mallophaga. Entomologica Americana, 32, 116–129, 162–173, 216–217, 222–223.
  • Blackmore, D.K. & Owen, D.G. (1969) Ectoparasites: the significance in British wild rodents. In Diseases in free-living wild animals. Symp. Zool. Soc. Lond., London. pp. 199–220.
  • Blagoveshtchensky, D.I. (1945) Rozwite i sravnitelnaja anatomija Mallophaga. 117–118.
  • Blagoveshtchensky, D.I. (1959) On the Problem of Mallophaga Evolution [in Russian]. 38(3), 432–442. Available at http://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/5034.pdf
  • Boyd, E.M. & Chutter, R.E. (1948) Observations and experiments on avian Mallophaga. 101(4), 687–688.
  • Chandra, S., Agarwal, G.P. & Saxena, A.K. (1988) Seasonal changes in the population of Mallophaga on Acridotheres tristis. 29(4), 244–249.
  • Clay, T. (1949) Piercing mouth-parts in the biting lice (Mallophaga). Priroda, 164(617).
  • Clay, T. (1951) The Mallophaga as an Aid to the Classification of Birds with Special Reference to the Sturcture of Feathers. In Proceedings of the Xth International Ornithological Congress. Almquist & Wiksell, Uppsala. Available at http://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/0011.pdf
  • Clay, T. (1956) Phthiraptera. In Taxonomist's Glossary of Genitalia in Insects. Copenhagen. pp. 145–148.
  • Clay, T. (1970) The Amblycera (Phthiraptera: Insecta). 25, 73–98.
  • Cruickshank, R.H., Johnson, K.P., Smith, V.S., Adams, R.J., Clayton, D.H. & Page, R.D.M. (2001) Phylogenetic Analysis of Partial Sequences of Elongation Factor 1α Identifies Major Groups of Lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 19(2), 202–215.
  • Dallai, R. & Afzelius, B.A. (1991) Sperm flagellum of insects belonging to orders Psocoptera, Mallophaga and Anoplura--ultrastructural and phylogenetic aspects. Bollettino di Zoologia, 58(3), 211–216.
  • Derylo, A. & Jarosz, J. (1972) Intestinal microflora in some species of hematophagous Mallophaga. 18(1), 113–119.
  • Derylo, A. (1972) Present status of studies of the epizootiological importance of the chewing lice (Mallophaga). 18(4), 531–533.
  • Derylo, A. (1978) More important adaptations of Mallophaga. 24(6), 647–659.
  • Eichler, W. (1963) Arthropoda. Insecta. Phthiraptera 1. Mallophaga. In Klassen and Ordnungen des Tierreichs. Leipzig.
  • Eichler, W. (1971) Shaking of bird skins as a Mallophaga collecting method. 12(1), 38–52.
  • Eichler, W. (1972) Mallophaga species of the Central European domestic animal species. 13(2), 91–99.
  • Eichler, W. (1972) Neuere Modellvorstellungen zur Mikroevolution der Mallophagen [Recent model designs of microevolution of Mallophaga]. 18(4), 513–515. Available at http://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/42100.pdf
  • Eichler, W. (1987) Aspects of the evolution of side-branch groups from the standpoint of Mallophaga research. 33(2), 119–124.
  • Elchler, W. (1941) Zur Klassifikation der Lauskerfe (Phthiraptera Haeckel: Rhynchophthirina, Mallophaga und Anoplura). B10, 345–398.
  • Gonzalez-Acuna, D.A., Castro, D.del C. & Moreno-Salas, L. (2003) Contribution to the knowledge of Phthiraptera (Anoplura, Hoplopleura) parasites on rodents in Chile. 67(1), 118–120.
  • Haeckel, E. (1896) Systematische Phylogenie. 2. Theil. In Systematische Phylogenie der wirbellosen Thiere (Invertebrata). Verlag von Georg Reimer, Berlin. 720 pp.
  • Harrison, L. (1915) The respiratory system of Mallophaga. Parasitology, 8(1), 101–127. Available at http://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/5499.pdf
  • Hopkins, G.H.E. (1942) The Mallophaga as an aid to the classification of birds. 6, 94–106.
  • Hopkins, G.H.E. (1957) The distribution of Phthiraptera on mammals. 88–119.
  • Johnson, K.P., Yoshizawa, K. & Smith, V.S. (2004) Multiple origins of parasitism in lice. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 271. Available at http://https://www-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.proxy2.library.illinois.edu/pmc/articles/PMC1691793/pdf/15315891.pdf
  • Kéler, S. (1957) Ueber die Deszendenz und die Differenzierung der Mallophagen. [Evolution & differentiation of the Mallophaga]. Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde, 18(2), 55–160.
  • Kéler, S. (1959) On host dissemination and distribution of Mallophaga. 19, 375–410.
  • Königsmann, E. (1960) Zur Phylogenie der Parametabola unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Phthiraptera. Beiträge zur Entomologie, 10, 705–744.
  • Lakshminarayana, K.V. (1972) Evaluation of secondary infestations in Mallophaga. 13(1), 52–53.
  • Lonc, E. & Zlotorzycka, J. (1992) Alternative models of classification of parasitic Psocodea: Phthiraptera. Rudolstaedter Naturhistorische Schriften, 4.
  • Lucinska, A. (1972) Teratological changes in chewing-lice (Mallophaga). 18(4), 535–536. Available at http://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/45679.pdf
  • Marshall, I.K. (2003) A morphological phylogeny for four families of amblyceran lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera: Menoponidae, Boopiidae, Laemobothriidae, Ricinidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society of London, 138(1), 39–82.
  • Mey, E. (2003) Checklist of the Phthiraptera of Germany. 6, 72–129.
  • Mey, E. (2003) On the development of animal louse systematics (Insecta, Phthiraptera) up to the present day. Rudolstaedter Naturhistorische Schriften, 11, 115–134.
  • Modrzejewska, M. (1987) Characteristics of the population of biting lice (Mallophaga) in pheasants (Phasianus colchinus L.). 33(1), 67–79.
  • Otify, Y.Z. (1988) Mallophaga of quails (Coturnix coturnix) in Egypt. 18(2), 705–709.
  • Perez, J.M. (2024) How many threatened lice are there? An approximation to the red list of the Spanish Phthiraptera. International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife, 23, 100903: 5 pages. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2023.100903
  • Piotrowski, F. (1970) Lice (Phthiraptera) of mammals in Hungary. 3, 97–118.
  • Price, R.D., Hellenthal, R.A., Palma, R.L., Johnson, K.P. & Clayton, D.H. (2003) The chewing lice: world checklist and biological overview. Illinois Natural History Survey Special Publication, 24, X+501 pp.
  • Rosciszewska, M., Petryszak, A., Bonczar, Z. & Duda, M. (1996) Mallophaga of pigeons in Cracow. 42(2), 235–242.
  • Rozsa, L. (2003) Avian lice (Phthiraptera). 88(2), 3–29.
  • Rékási, J. & Kiss, J.B. (1994) Date privind malofagele (Mallophaga) păsărilor din Delta Dunării. 3, 101–110. Available at http://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/45152.pdf
  • Saxena, A.K., Agarwal, G.P., Chandra, S. & Singh, O.P. (1985) Pathogenic involvement of Mallophaga. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, 99(3), 294–301.
  • Smith, V.S. (2003) Lousy phylogenies: Phthiraptera systematics and the antiquity of lice. 61(2), 150–151.
  • Snodgrass, R.E. (1899) The anatomy of Mallophaga. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences, VI, 145–224 + 8 pls.
  • Thompson, G.B. (1934) Association of Siphonaptera with Mallophaga. The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 70, 136.
  • Urban, E. & Zlotorzycka, J. (1981) Viability of chicken Mallophaga following loss of their host. 22(2), 83–91.
  • Voigt, E. (1952) Ein Haarein-schluss mit Phthirapteren Eiern in Bernstein. 21, 59–74.
  • Wappler, T. (2003) Systematics, phylogeny, taphonomy and palaeoecology of insects from the Middle Eocene of Eckfeld Maar, Eifel. 2, i-viii, 1–240.
  • Ward, R.A. (1977) Pathogens of Anoplura and Mallophaga (lice). 55(Supp. 1), 305–309.
  • Weidner, H. (1963) Beiträge und Bemerkungen zur Insektenfauna Unterfrankens: 5. Lauskerfe (Mallophaga und Anoplura). 11, 1–28.
  • Whitaker, J.O., Jr. & Goff, R.J. (1979) Mallophaga of wild mammals of Indiana. Entomological News, 90(1), 23–25.
  • Yoshizawa, K. & Johnson, K.P. (2003) Phylogenetic position of Phthiraptera (Insecta: Paraneoptera) and elevated rate of evolution in mitochondrial 12S and 16S rDNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 29(1). Available at http://lab.agr.hokudai.ac.jp/systent/psoco-web/pdf/2003mpe.pdf
  • Yoshizawa, K. & Johnson, K.P. (2006) Morphology of male genitalia in lice and their relatives and phylogenetic implications. Systematic Entomology, 31(2), 350–361.
  • Yoshizawa, K. & Johnson, K.P. (2013) Changes in base composition bias of nuclear and mitochondrial genes in lice (Insecta: Psocodea). 141(10-12), 491–499. Available at http://https://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2115/57601/1/2013Gene.pdf
  • Zlotorzycka, J. (1958) Mallophaga from birds living on Suminy Lake in the Bytow county in Pomerania. 4(5-6), 787–789.
  • Zlotorzycka, J. (1962) Interesujący przypadek znalezienia żywych wszołów (Mallophaga) na mewach śmieszkach (Larus ridibundus L) będących w stanie rozkładu. 6, 66–68. Available at http://phthiraptera.info/sites/phthiraptera.info/files/43221.pdf
  • Zlotorzycka, J. (1972) Domestication of animals as a species-creating factor in parasitizing bird-lice (Mallophaga). 18(4), 517–523.
  • Zlotorzycka, J. (1985) Differentiation of characteristics of Mallophaga. 31(4-6), 519–521.
  • Zlotorzycka, J., Modrzejewska, M. & Towarnicka, I. (1997) Qualitative and quantitative study of biting lice (Mallophaga) from selected species of Charadriiformes (Aves). 43(2), 195–206.
  • de Moya, R.S., Yoshizawa, K., Walden, K.K.O., Sweet, A.D., Dietrich, C.H. & Johnson, K.P. (2021) Phylogenomics of Parasitic and Nonparasitic Lice (Insecta: Psocodea): Combining Sequence Data and Exploring Compositional Bias Solutions in Next Generation Data Sets. Systematic Biology, 70(4), 719–738.

Descendants and synonyms

Stats

Names
Rank Total Valid Invalid
infraorder110
parvorder440
superfamily550
family42411
subfamily26242
subtribe211
infratribe909
genus656409247
subgenus19089101
superspecies1181171
species941655053911
subspecies461160301